Computer:
Computer (A Device Which Computes Something) is a device that can be used for programming to carry out a set of arithmetic as well as logical operations and statements automatically. Since a grouping of activities can be promptly changed, A PC can tackle multiple kinds of statements and operations to performs.
How Computer Works:
Usually, a computer consists of at least one processing element called a central processing unit(CPU), Actually the CPU is the Brain of the Computer and performs all the logical and arithmetic functions which are generally taken in True and False. It also has usually two forms of memories Called the hard disk(ROM) and the other one is (RAM). External devices allow information to be retrieved from external sources, and the result of these operations saved and retrieved from them.
History:
Before the 20th century, most calculations were done by humans because they don't have any computing machines. Early mechanical tools for helping humans with digital calculations were called "Calculating Machines", as they are now, Calculators for calculations and then any machine operator which operate were called Computers.
 |
| 1950's Computer |
The first main aid for the computation was purely only mechanical devices which required the operators to set up the initial values for elementary arithmetic and binary operations. Later, PCs represented the number in a spontaneous form. Although these approaches Generally required more complexions in mechanisms for all, it increased the precision in results.
Programs:
Nowadays the main feature of any modern computer which distinguishes it from all other computing machines is that these modern computers can be programmed. That is to say that some types of programs can be given to computers, and they will then process them. Modern computers based on the architecture that often have machine codes in the form of computer programming or these are programming languages.
 |
| Programming Language |
In a straightforward commonsense term that a PC program is the only a couple of directions or articulations to do the projects for any reason e.g: A normal modern computer can do billions of instructions per second which are given to him and rarely makes a mistake or even often after knowing that is the mistake of actually a human which may be programmed wrongly. Very commonly, massive programming systems consist of several million or trillions of instructions that can take years to write by programmer teams, and they may contain errors due to the immense complexity of the duties and instructions.
Hardware:
Hardware actually covers all of those parts of any computer that are touchable objects and a human can easily understand what is what. e.g; Power Supplies, Circuits, Displays(Monitor or LCDs) , Cables and Wires, Keyboards, Mice, and Printers are all Hardware.
 |
| Computer's Hardware |
Software:
The term Software covers that parts of the computer that are not touchable or in other words they do not have any touchable material to form, e.g; Programs(Writing, Printing anything, etc), Data(Picture, Videos, etc), etc. Programming is constantly put away in a hardware(ROM) which can only with significant effort be changed, and it is here and there called "Firmware".
 |
| Computer Softwares |
Firmware:
That Technology which has the combinations hardware as well as software both Mean BIOS chip is inside a computer and this chip (which is hardware) is located on the motherboard and this has the BIOS set up (programming) put away in it and to do fundamental projects of your PC.
 |
| Computer BIOS Chip |
Components of Hardware:
A Simple modern pc may have 4 main components:
- Control Unit
- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
- Memory
- Input and Output Devices.
1. Control Unit:
A Control Unit manages all Computer's various Components which reads and decodes the programming instructions, and also transforms them into the signals which activate the other parts of a computer. It may also transform the instructions to improve the performance of a computer.
The main component common to all parts of the computer is CPU or (the brain of a computer) is a part which is the counter of programs in binary digit which are only ('0' & '1').
A Control System may perform these functions.
- Reading and coding for the next instructions
- Reading codes for instructions he sends these codes for signaling for other parts of the system.
- It reads no the data and performs instructions that are required and the data is usually stored within a code of instructions.
- It provides the necessary data to and control unit.
- It Writes all the results from the Control Unit for output devices and allows them to performs operations.
- After doing all the instructions it always jumps back to step (1) means it has the ability to refresh.
Central Processing Unit (CPU):
The Control Unit and Arithmetic Logic Unit(ALU) collectively known as Central Processing Unit (CPU). Usually, CPUs constructed on a single ICs (integrated Circuits) also called Microprocessor but before the 1970s Ira CPUs were usually constructed by many separate components.
 |
| A Processor |
2. Memory:
Any Computer's will must have a memory that can be read and also can be placed to be viewed as a list of cells in which each cell has a binary number that is (0 or 1) address and it can store a single number.
A Computer has usually two types of memory with respect to its functions: i.e:
RAM or Random Access Memory:
A RAM peruses and composes whenever to CPU order in it.
 |
| RAM |
ROM or Read Only Memory:
ROM is that memory that is used to store data and software that never changes.
3. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU):
 |
| Binary Numbers |
Arithematic Operations are normally numerical Operations that are: expansion, deduction, duplication, or division, or may likewise incorporate geometrical capacities such as wrongdoing, cos, tan or backward works, and so forth.
4. Input and Output Devices(I/O):
Input and Output means by which a computer may be able to exchange information with the external world and those devices that provide input and output to a pc is called i/o devices respectively or also called Peripheral Gadgets. Examples of i/o devices are keyboards, mice, speakers, printers, or networking and so forth.
 |
| Input And Output Devices |
No comments:
Post a Comment
If you have any doubts, Please let me know.